Economics
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An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Government Health Expenditures on the Performance of the Health Sector in Nigeria
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of government health expenditures on the performance of the health sector in Nigeria over the period from 1979 to 2019. The study employs an ex-post facto research design and utilizes annual time series data obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. To analyze the data, the dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS)... [...] Read more
Building Sustainability Resiliency During Post Covid World Focusing ESG And Climate Risk Issue
Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of climate-related risks on global financial stability, emphasizing both physical and transitional risks. It explores the influence of these risks on ESG (Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance) goals, particularly within the context of the European Green Deal and post-COVID-19 recovery efforts. Utilizing a dynamic common factor model, the research analyzes time-series data from 2010 to 2019 to measure... [...] Read more
Congestion at Chittagong Seaport: Causes and Consequences. A case study in Malaysia
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the underlying causes of seaport congestion at Chittagong seaport, a critical gateway for international trade and a vital contributor to Bangladesh's economic growth. Seaport congestion is a pervasive issue that not only disrupts the flow of goods but also hampers the economic progress of nations reliant on efficient trade operations. To achieve the study's objectives, a survey-based research design... [...] Read more
Construction of an Industry Cycle Indicator for Profitability Prediction Analysis of Aggregate Firms in Bangladesh
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to construct a unique industry cycle indicator (ICI) for Bangladeshi aggregate firms within the industrial sector, aiming to provide early signals of industrial vulnerability, identify turning points, and evaluate predictive performance. The methodology involved constructing the ICI following the approach of the Conference Board (2000) and testing its robustness with a macro-stress test using lagged independent... [...] Read more
COVID-19 And The Informal Sector In South Africa: Lessons, Challenges And Benefits
Abstract: This paper examines the impact of the Covid-19 outbreak on informal trading in South Africa. This paper argues that the phenomenon of unemployment has always been a factor that pushes people to become informal traders, pre and post-COVID-19 outbreak in South Africa. However, as far as Covid-19 could have posed critical to the nation’s economy, this paper further asserts that the covid-19 brought major positive contributions to the citizenry,... [...] Read more
Determinants of Takaful Demand: The Role of Macroeconomic and Human Development Indicators in Muslim Countries
Abstract: This study investigates the macroeconomic and socio-economic determinants influencing the demand for Takaful (Islamic insurance) across selected Muslim countries between 2004 and 2016. Despite the growing global interest in Islamic finance, Takaful remains underdeveloped compared to other sectors such as Islamic banking and Sukuk. This research aims to identify the key factors affecting Takaful uptake by examining the effects of real interest... [...] Read more
Economic Inequality and Poverty Dynamics: What does Literature tell us?
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore the intricate relationship between economic inequality and poverty dynamics, with a focus on understanding how disparities in wealth and income influence the movement of individuals and households into and out of poverty over time. The study employs a comprehensive literature review methodology, analyzing existing empirical and theoretical research to assess various approaches to measuring economic... [...] Read more
Effect of Geopolitical Risk on Bitcoin’s Price From 2016-2021: Comparative Analysis Pre-During Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Abstract: This study investigates the effects of geopolitical risks (GPR) and its component indexes on Bitcoin's price from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021, with a specific focus on how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the relationship between GPR and Bitcoin's price. We employed quantitative data analysis techniques, including Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Quantile Regression (QQ), to analyze the data over the specified period. The study... [...] Read more
Effect of Substance Abuse on Nigeria’s Economic Performance
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of substance abuse on the real growth rate in Nigeria between 1993 and 2017. Specifically, it examines the period-based impact of substance abuse prevalence and the rehabilitation of individual drug addicts on the actual growth rate of the Nigerian economy. To achieve this, the study employs autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and co-integration/bound test techniques to analyze the data... [...] Read more
Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Health Status in Sub-Saharan Africa: What Role for Governance?
Abstract: This study aims to empirically investigate how governance affects the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on health outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on infant and child mortality rates. The study employs an econometric approach, using a dynamic panel model for 44 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 2002 to 2019. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is applied to address potential endogeneity issues and to produce... [...] Read more
Factors Effecting The Elasticity of Micro Credit Demand In Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore the factors affecting the demand for microcredit among various borrowers, with a focus on identifying the barriers that influence microcredit utilization. This conceptual study employs a qualitative research technique, using data collected from previous research studies and companies’ websites. The findings reveal that numerous factors influence the demand for microcredit, including interest rates, the... [...] Read more
Financial Anxiety and Resilience among Rural Poor: An Exploration of Social Work Implication
Abstract: The study aims to investigate the level of financial anxiety and resilience behavior among the rural poor in India, particularly focusing on the relationship between financial anxiety and socio-demographic factors such as education, occupation, and household size. Additionally, the study explores the potential for Social Work interventions to address financial anxiety and improve financial literacy among this demographic. The research adopts... [...] Read more
Financial Inclusion, Household Decision-making and Child Health Outcome in Nigeria
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of financial inclusion and household decision-making on child health outcomes in Nigeria. Specifically, it explores how financial inclusion—measured through mobile phone usage for financial transactions, bank account ownership, and mobile digital payment methods—interacts with women's decision-making power regarding earnings and household purchases to influence child health. Using data from the 2018... [...] Read more
Fiscal Policy And Poverty In The Southern African Customs Union: The Case Of Frontier Technology Readiness Index and Skills
Abstract: The study examines the relationship between fiscal policy, the level of poverty, and the frontier technology readiness index (skill) in the Southern African Customs Union over the period of 2012 to 2022. The technique of pooled ordinary least squares was used to ascertain the empirical findings, while the LLC and IPS established the stationarity of the variables. The empirical findings show that government expenditure on education, indirect... [...] Read more
Foreign Reserve Accumulation Amidst Joint Shocks: Evidence from Exchange Rate Uncertainty and Oil Supply Shock in MENA Region
Abstract: Despite significant research on oil price shocks and exchange rate dynamics, most studies examine these factors independently and focus on average effects, while conventional policy structures often treat these risks as weakly correlated, ignoring the compounding double-hit effect of synchronized shocks. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the joint, asymmetric, and state-dependent impacts of oil supply shocks and exchange rate... [...] Read more
Globalization and Its Brunt on Nigeria Global Economic Competitiveness: The Need for Holistic and Dynamic Strategies
Abstract: This study aims to examine the impact of globalization on Nigeria's economic competitiveness, focusing on how Nigeria's participation in the global economy has influenced its ability to compete with developed nations. The study employs the Least Squares method to analyze data collected from 2006 to 2017 from various sources, including the Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, World Economic Forum reports, and the United Nations Industrial Development... [...] Read more
Human Capabilities and Instrumental Freedoms Relationship: An Empirical Investigation
Abstract: This study aims to explore the role of instrumental freedoms in enhancing human capabilities and the process of human development. Specifically, it examines the effects of political freedoms, economic facilities, transparency guarantees, social opportunities, and protective security on health, education, housing, employment, and communication and mobility capabilities. The study employs a hierarchical structural model using the partial least... [...] Read more
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Domestic Innovations In Developing Economies: Moderating Role of Country-Level Governance
Abstract: The study aims to explore whether country-level governance moderates the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and innovation in developing economies, extending beyond the typical examination of FDI's direct impact on innovation. Utilizing panel data from the World Bank Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators databases, covering 55 developing countries over a 25-year period from 1995 to 2019, the study... [...] Read more
Implications of Free Trade Area For Poverty, Household Welfare And Economic Development In Nigeria
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the implications of free trade areas on poverty, household welfare, and economic development in Nigeria. Using a fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) regression technique, the study analyzes key macroeconomic indicators, specifically income per capita to measure welfare and unemployment to assess poverty. Historical data covering 27 years were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria’s... [...] Read more
Increasing Impact of Spain on the Equity Markets of Brazil, Chile and Mexico During the Neoliberal Reforms of the 1990s
Abstract: The article examines stock index price responses in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico to those in the US, Spain, and four European countries during three sub-periods surrounding the neoliberal reforms of the 1990s: 1988 to 1994, 1995 to 1998, and 1999 to 2004. The methodology is empirical and uses time series analysis, in particular impulse response functions (IRFs) derived using vector autoregression (VAR) models. It finds that equity markets became... [...] Read more
Market Efficiency and Volatility Dynamics in the Nigerian Stock Exchange: Evidence from the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Lockdown Period
Abstract: The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) posits that asset prices adjust rapidly to new information, leaving no scope for systematic excess returns. The COVID-19 pandemic represented an unprecedented global shock, generating substantial volatility across financial markets, including those in emerging African economies. This study examines the volatility dynamics and informational efficiency of the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NGX) All-Share Index... [...] Read more
People With Vulnerabilities To Cyclone In The Coastal Area Of Bangladesh: An Overview
Abstract: This paper aims to explore the vulnerability to cyclones and propose ways to mitigate this vulnerability in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. The study employs a content analysis approach within qualitative research, utilizing secondary data collected through content analysis and historical methods. The focus is on understanding the multi-faceted nature of vulnerability, which includes socio-economic, physical, environmental, geographical, and... [...] Read more
Poverty Elevation Amidst Poverty Alleviation Programmes In Nigeria
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to identify key reasons for the persistence of extreme poverty in Nigeria and to provide potential solutions. This exploratory research employs a secondary research method, utilizing data from textbooks, online newspapers, journal articles, and organizational reports. The study reviews various poverty alleviation programs implemented by the Nigerian government and other organizations. The findings reveal that the... [...] Read more
Response of Economic Diversification To Gender Inequality: Evidence From Nigeria
Abstract: This study investigates the imperatives of gender equality in expanding the economic base of Nigeria, a country that has long remained a mono-product economy dependent on oil revenue. The purpose of this study is to explore how gender inequality affects economic diversification and to suggest policy recommendations to enhance gender equality and economic growth. The methodology employed includes the Engel-Granger and Error Correction Model... [...] Read more
Technical Efficiency, Productivity, and Determinants of Technical Inefficiency of Local Hospitals in Oman: Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the technical efficiency, productivity, and determinants of technical inefficiency in local hospitals in Oman, which are facing increasing resource constraints. Effective utilization of hospital resources is crucial for improving service delivery, ensuring equitable access, and maintaining the quality of healthcare. The study employs an input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach to assess... [...] Read more
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